Lipid Profile Test
Booked 3268 timesAlso known as:
Lipid panel Test, Complete cholesterol test
Blood
10-12 Hrs
Plain
- LDL Cholestrol Direct Test
- Total Cholesterol
- HDL Cholestrol Test
Description
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Overview
Lipids are fats and fatty substances used as a source of energy by the body. A lipid profile is a combination of blood tests that helps measure the value of different types of lipids in the bloodstream. Cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are the different types of lipids present in the body.
The lipid profile test measures Total Cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum HDL, serum LDL and serum VLDL. The test also measures the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. The lipid profile result will include the value of these parameters.
Cholesterol is a form of fat the body needs. It helps to make cells’ outer membranes stable. Higher than normal levels of total cholesterol are linked with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This high reading is not equivalent to a positive lipid profile test. There cannot be a negative lipid profile test result either.
Triglycerides are another form of fat that is measurable along with cholesterol. High levels of triglycerides are a known risk factor for diabetes, high blood pressure and heart diseases. Triglycerides have the abbreviation as TGC in some lipid profile results.
There are no signs or symptoms for an abnormal cholesterol level. Certain diseases like hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, hypothyroidism and HIV/AIDS can cause unhealthy cholesterol levels. These patients are at a higher risk of developing clots in the arteries. These clots in the arteries can lead to a heart attack or stroke.
There are certain risk factors that may contribute to abnormally high levels of blood cholesterol levels. Factors such as obesity, lack of exercise, poor diet, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking can lead to high serum cholesterol levels.
The lipid profile test results help to detect abnormal levels of blood cholesterol and triglycerides. This detection can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Sometimes a lipid profile test prescription is part of a routine health check-up. This check-up might help the physician to suggest any lifestyle changes or prescribe medicines when necessary.
High blood cholesterol levels constitute a risk factor for atherosclerosis (blocks in arteries). As per studies, high cholesterol levels are seen in 25 - 30% of the Indian urban population. Even in rural areas, dyslipidaemia is seen in 15 - 20% of the population. Due to genetic factors, a lack of physical activity and suboptimal dietary habits, high LDL cholesterol, high serum triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol are common issues among the Indian population. A lipid profile test is used in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia and associated conditions.
Other Names of Lipid Profile
- Complete cholesterol test
- Lipid panel test
What does the lipid profile test detect (or) measure and who is this prescribed for?
The lipid profile test measures the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides. The lipid profile test is prescribed for patients with a high risk of cardiac diseases or lifestyle disorders. A lipid profile test can also be a part of a routine body check-up.
There are no direct signs or symptoms of dyslipidaemia. Abnormal lipid values may be present if a person has the following conditions:
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Hypothyroidism
- HIV/AIDS
The lipid profile test is also a requirement for people who are:
- Overweight
- Alcoholic
- Smokers
- On certain medications that can derange your lipid profile
The lipid profile test is prescribed by the consulting physician for some of these conditions.
Following a diagnosis, the treatment and lifestyle changes for dyslipidaemia are initiated by an MD physician or clinical cardiologist or clinical nutritionist.
The lipid profile test may be prescribed every six months to monitor and regulate the dosage. The results of the lipid profile test may help your doctor decide the treatment protocol. Based on the result, the doctor may continue the same treatment or modify the dosage of medicines.
The lipid profile test is applicable for both genders. Some medications can increase blood cholesterol levels, such as beta-blockers, glucocorticoids, some hormonal therapies, diuretics and some anticonvulsants. Always inform your doctor about all current medications.
Sample Type
The results of a lipid profile test are derived from the analysis of a blood sample. The entire cholesterol analysis in the lipid profile test is made from a single blood sample.
Test Preparation
The lipid profile test is a profile that requires fasting for 12 hours before performing the test. Consumption of food or drinks is not allowed (only water is allowed) 12 hours before the test.
The typical way to collect a blood sample is by drawing blood from the most prominent vein in the forearm. The procedure for lipid profile test involves one single prick of the needle. Typically, the blood collection procedure lasts 5 minutes. A minimum of 12 hours of fasting is the only preparation for the lipid profile test.
Test inclusions: What parameters are included?
The lipid profile test includes the following:
- Total Cholesterol
- LDL Cholesterol direct
- HDL Cholesterol
- LDL/HDL ratio
- Non HDL Cholesterol
- TC/HDL Cholesterol Ratio
- Triglycerides
- Serum VLDL cholestrol
- HDL / LDL Cholesterol Ratio
- TRIG / HDL Ratio
Ranges
Type of Cholesterol | Desirable Range | Borderline | High |
Total Cholesterol | <200 mg/dL | 200 - 239 mg/dL | Above 240 mg/dL |
Low-Density Cholesterol (LDL) | <100 mg/dL | 101- 159 mg/dL | Above 160 mg/dL |
High-Density Cholesterol (HDL) | More than 60 mg/dL | 40 - 59 mg/dL | Less than 40 mg/dL |
Triglycerides | <150 mg/dL | 151 - 199 mg/dL | 200 - 499 mg/dL |
VLDL | <30 mg/dL | 31 - 40 mg/dL | More than 40 mg/dL |
The values are the same for males and females.
The normal values, parameters, and reference ranges of the test may vary from lab to lab. Please refer to the ranges mentioned in the report and consult a doctor to understand the interpretation of lab reports.
Test Result Interpretation
The four main components of the lipid profile test are Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL and LDL.
The Total Cholesterol to HDL ratio is not more important than the actual values. If the lipid profile report has a higher than usual reading for Total Cholesterol, it is diagnostic of dyslipidaemia. Dyslipidaemia, if left unchecked, increases the chances of atherosclerosis and subsequent heart attacks.
A low reading of HDL in a lipid profile test indicates lack of activity, sedentary lifestyle and deficiency of food with good fats.
A high reading of LDL in a lipid profile test result is suggestive of increased consumption of oily and fatty foods or poor processing of such unsaturated fatty acids by the body.
Dyslipidaemia and the other parameters are treatable with a combination of medicine, diet, exercise and lifestyle changes.
Risk Assessment
Heart disease, stroke, pancreatitis, hypertension, obesity
Price/Cost
The cost of a Lipid Profile Test varies depending on the city and the lab. In general, a Lipid Profile test price ranges between INR 349 and INR 879. Here is a breakdown of the average cost of a Lipid Profile test in some major cities in India:
City | Min Price | Average Price | Max Price |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 | |
349 | 614 | 879 |
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the lipid profile test used for?
The lipid profile test is used for the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia or high cholesterol levels. The report of a lipid profile test provides absolute values of the Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein and High-Density Lipoprotein in the blood.
What are normal values for lipid profile?
There are four major parameters in the lipid profile test. They are Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TGC), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Some lipid profile reports may provide the value of Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) as well. The normal values for each of them are a range. Total Cholesterol is normal if it is in the range of 100 to 200 mg/dL. If a lipid profile report has a value of Triglycerides below 150 mg/dL, it is normal. The LDL range is 100 to 130 mg/dL. The range of VLDL is 5 to 40 mg/dL. HDL, which is the good cholesterol, is in the normal range if it is more than 60 mg/dL.
What is a full lipid profile?
A lipid profile test covers all the main parameters of a lipid profile. In addition, it may display two more values. The main parameters of the full lipid profile test are: Total Cholesterol LDL Cholesterol direct HDL Cholesterol LDL/HDL ratio Non HDL Cholesterol TC/HDL Cholesterol Ratio Triglycerides Serum VLDL cholesterol HDL / LDL Cholesterol Ratio TRIG / HDL Ratio
What happens if the lipid profile is high?
If the values of a lipid profile test are high, it is indicative of dyslipidaemia. High cholesterol can cause atherosclerosis and plaque formation in the arteries. This build-up can be the leading cause of a heart attack or stroke in the future. To normalise the levels, a combination of medicine, diet, exercise and lifestyle changes are prescribed.
What are the 4 types of lipids?
The four types of lipids are: Triglycerides Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)
Is fasting required for lipid profile?
Yes, 12 hours of fasting is required as a part of the preparation for the lipid profile test.
Why is the lipid profile test done in fasting?
There is a 12-hour fasting requirement as preparation for a lipid profile test. Fasting is required to minimise the variations that come with eating. Food can cause changes in the levels of total cholesterol. It is also observed that triglycerides can remain high for several hours after a meal. Water and medicines are allowed during this 12-hour fasting period.
Is 11 hours of fasting enough for lipid profile?
No, 11 hours of fasting is not enough for the preparation of the lipid profile test. For accurate results in the lipid profile test, a minimum of 12 to a maximum of 14 hours is the recommended duration of fasting.
Can I drink water before lipid profile?
Yes, water and medicines are allowed during the 12-hour fasting period before a lipid profile test.
How frequently should you take this test?
A lipid profile test is part of a routine health check-up. The test may need repetition every six months when a person is on medication for dyslipidaemia to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing treatment. The lipid profile test may need repetition every six months in people with other diseases like diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease. The test can be annual only if not on any medication or if the previous lipid profile test results were normal. Mere confirmation of diagnosis cannot be qualified as a positive lipid profile test.
What is the price of the Lipid Profile test?
Lipid Profile test price is subject to variation, with potential costs ranging from Rs 349 to Rs 879, influenced by factors like the selected location, diagnostic laboratory and any discounts applied.
